Official Studying Begins...Saccharides: Glucose, Cellulose -- Coffe-ose?

Today I have advanced nutrient metabolism class and our exam is one week from today on Carbohydrates...

Specifically types ( like starch, cellulose, lactose) and their pathways:

Pathway = ( what gets converted ---> into what)
glycolysis = ( glucose---> pyruvate)

glycogenesis = ( glucose---> glycogen)

glycogenolysis= (glycogen---> glucose)

gluconeogenesis= ( non CHO stuff ----> glucose)... get it the neo is new, so stuff that is not
carbohydrates gets converted in glucose making it like "new glucose"

Krebs Cycle /Citric Acid: acetyl CoA --> CO2 and Hydrogens

PPP or "hexosemonophosphate shunt"= ( glucose---> ribose )

Specficic Types of CHO... CHO Classification

Simple: sugars
Complex: fiber and starches

Monosaccharides:
aka altose or ketone

• have different sizes
• trioses have 3 carbons like glycerose
• tetroses have 4 " like erythrose
• pentoses have 5 "...ribose!
• hexoses have 6..... GLUCOSE, and Fructose and Galactose

Oligiosaccharides: from 2 up to 10 monosaccharide units

• Stachyose: 3 monos
• Raffinose: 4 monos
• Matotriose: 3 glucose ( which is a hexose monosaccharide)
• Disaccharides (2 mono's)..... sucrose
• sucrose: fructose + glucose
• lactose: galactose+ glucose
• maltose: glucose + glucose

Polysaccharides ( > 10 mono's)

• amylose, amylopectin.... aka starches
• glycogen: The Carbohydrate Storage molecules in animals
• dextrin: Short chains of glucose
• cellulose & other fibers
• polymers of fructose: eg. inulin

Coffee Break